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Low cost solution to remove both pathogen and chemicals including lead from drinking water at household level?
Hi everyone, I am part of Hope for Children team implementing Water & Sanitation project in Namuwongo slum (Kampala City, Uganda). The slum gets water from National Water & Sewerage Corporation (NWSC) which is inadequate. So over 60% of population directly rely on groundwater-based water source like wells. However, water quality tests indicate that the groundwater is contaminated by faecal and heavy metal (lead) contaminants. Lead concentration range from 0.1 - 0.2mg/l where as 0.05mg/l is the maximum permissible value. Therefore to get safe drinking water, we intended to introduce and promote household level drinking water treatment methods. Regardless of the water source, it must become safe before drinking (both chemically and biologically).
I have looked at some discussion on the water network about this topic, they are great, but most of the solutions are limited to disinfection against pathogens. So can anyone suggest us some water treatment methods at household level capable of chemical and microbial removal?
Best regards
Draleke Titus
This is a living water. The pH of the water is raised to 8.7, high alkaline, high oxygen and the water is structured "thin" so as to more readily penetrate the cell membrane and to deliver oxygen, nutrients and pure water and flush out your toxins.
As to hydration, due to it being "thinner" water, 3 glasses of Prilly Pure Water is equal to 1 gallon of tap water.
The MgO has been processed at 700 degrees Fahrenheit and made to be more ceramic like a marble in water that never dissolves, never wears out and never needs to be replaced.
No expensive equipment, No costly replacement filters, No electricity, and No more bottled water.
This a 1 time investment of only $40 for Water Freedom, and the Final Barrier between Invisible Bad Water and YOUR lips.
But if you planning to do research then we can speak more. If you can give the details of the water quality. In the past we developed a hand driven membrane system for emergency situation. But I am not sure heavy metal can be removed by such system. As its a UF based system.
I think this problem seems to be interesting. Hopefully you can share more info.
Concernant les matériuax lourds
le sol en a besoin, l'homme en rejette et ce n'est donc pas un problème plus que cela.
le probléme rsulte dans la concentration des amtériaux lourds sur des zones de traitement qui en fait une véritable pollution
All the bacteria are useful bacteria and none among all is pathogenic. All the bacteria play a role to play in the development and the management of the life on ground. Certain bacteria are there for the elimination of mayons weak, the natural selection of the life. Others are there to take part in the destructuring of the matter to enable him to be recycled, none is not pathogenic. Some live in corrosive conditions and must adapt to their medium.
Concerning the heavy matériuax
the ground needs some, the man rejects some and it is thus not a problem more than that.
the problem rsulte in the concentration of amtériaux heavy on zones of treatment which in fact a true pollution
I checked the website you proposed and I feel solarbags may solve the problem we have. Thank you very much for the suggestion.
Best regards
Titus
2. Make 2 pipes of different diameters
3. Put 1 inside, attached your anode end to the inner pipe
4. Attach your cathode end to the bigger pipe
5. As you switch on the rectifier, the Pb will adhere to the surfaces of the bigger pipe
6. The output of this pipe must undergo chlorination to eliminate pathogens.
Hope this helps.
Best regards
Titus
great if you can establish a reservoir where the water consumers can obtain the safe drinking water. In this case, the control is much easier and you wont need much capital for a rectifier(not more than $1T). In the reservoir, you can do the chlorination.I will be glad to suggest a design for your project.
My email address is draleketm@gmail.com, I share more if you could email me.
Best regards
I suggest to try to identify and remove the lead source and maybe you can treat or reduce it without the need of sophisticated treatment process. You can collaborate with the ministries in your region they must know where lead come from..maybe from industries, so they follow the requirement of treating their ww before discharge into streams or ground.
In the houses:
Lead can come from an old distribution system (lead pipes) and faucets and others.. so you can replace lead pipes into PE pipes etc,..
Lead can come from an old submersible pump ( if water is pumped from a deep well): it can be changed.
What is the hardness level of your water? is it soft water?
best
2) Waterstillar Family will distill water and remove any biological and chemical/solluble/salty/metal content.
see www.waterstillar.com
Best regards
I agree with Mr. Xavier. But I understand your point too... people need a quick, cheap and efective solution now.... to avoid more health problems.
So, my sugestion is the same then Sameer: Clorination wiht carbon adsorption. It is cheap, quick and easy. I really don't know how is gona be the efficiency of the treatment, But I really think that you can try. Try to use carbon block filters in each home, like this:
http://www.omnipure.com/carbonTech.htm
but remember: If you do first the clorination, the carbon block will also remove the free clorine from water... But if do first the filtration, the bacterial will grow in the filter...
You can also do a big treatment system, with a UV system before the central filter (sand and Carbon), with a post clorinatin.... well, right me is you need to discuss more... Cya!
Best regards
The lead (0.2mg/l) was detected in spring water (groundwater source) where the community collect their drinking water from. It is not contamination from home. Therefore, the solution we are looking for is removal of such chemicals and pathogens through water treatment preferably at household level.
Best regards
Titus
it will be cheaper. would you have a pond or tank at source? or it a pool?
i can help. how large is the community?
The estimated population in the area is 15,000 individual and these water sources are relatively far from each other. Water vendors make about UGX 206,000,000 (US$ 82,400) annually from their business and they comprise of local leaders in the area. One of the lesson we learnt from toilets construction was that as these community leaders own private toilets which generate them annual of about UGX 164,200,400 (US$ 65,680), they frustrated our project because our toilets were expected to be access for free.
With above, do you feel household level treatment will not be a better option?
Best regards
Titus
it depends on your objectives. if its to do battle with these local leaders who sell water and operate toilets, I have no comment as its beyond my know how.
however, if it is to stop water contamination and preserve these water sources for future generations. then it may be better to work with these local leaders who do provide a service. you and i can help them have better sanitation so that it does lower the disease profile and stop contamination of the local supply. this I feel is best done, not at the household level, but at the source of contamination.
doing it will local leaders may make it more sustainable.
It is cleaner, the cleaner but that is least dirty.
Have a nice day!!